Elevator emergency self rescue: 

1. Do not open or smash the door 

In elevator accidents, the most common situation is that the elevator suddenly stops and the probability of falling at high speed is very low. When an elevator accident occurs, passengers need to calm down first, press the emergency button in the elevator or call the service hotline, wait for rescue, and never smash or pry open the door, otherwise it may increase the chance of the elevator suddenly falling. 

2. When the elevator falls, buttons must be pressed on each floor 

If an elevator suddenly falls, first, quickly press the buttons on each floor. At this time, when the emergency power is turned on, the elevator can immediately stop falling. Then press the entire back and head against the elevator wall in a straight line, so that the elevator wall can protect the spine. Secondly, grip the armrest tightly to secure the position and prevent injury due to unstable center of gravity. If there are no handrails in the elevator, use your hands to hold your neck to avoid neck injuries. In addition, your knees should be in a bent position because ligaments are the most elastic tissue in the human body, using knee bending to withstand heavy pressure. Finally, place your toes on the ground and lift your heels to reduce the impact. 

3. First aid mnemonic 

Don't be afraid when the elevator suddenly stops, call the emergency door and hit it. Be obedient when cooperating with rescue, press the buttons layer by layer quickly. Press your head and back tightly against the elevator wall, hold your neck in your arms and squat down halfway. 

4. Daily safety knowledge for riding escalators 

Passengers should develop the habit of checking shoelaces and clothing before taking the escalator. The shoelaces should be tied tightly, and dragging clothing such as long skirts can be appropriately rolled up to prevent being pulled or stuck by the edges of the elevator or comb plates. If passengers carry large luggage, it will increase the risk of accidents on the escalator. In this case, they need to be extra careful or simply choose to take the stairs. When taking the elevator, it is important to pay attention to the following three points: 

5. The riding posture should be standardized 

When passengers step onto the escalator, they should pay attention to keeping their feet away from the edge of the steps, standing within the yellow safety warning box on the steps, not stepping on the junction of two steps, and holding onto the handrail. If the handrail belt is not synchronized with the steps due to a malfunction, they should adjust the position of their hands at any time. 

6. The riding process should be civilized 

Previously, experts have stated that accidents are prone to occur at the entrances and exits of escalators, handrails, stair treads, and wall panels. Therefore, passengers should try to stand in the right row when taking the elevator and not stand side by side. When people ride escalators, they often leave one side for people to pass through, but in fact, walking on the escalator is very unsafe. Passengers should stand still and try not to walk up and down during the ride. 

7. How to self rescue in case of sudden accidents on escalators? 

Each escalator has an emergency stop button at the top, bottom, and middle. In the event of an escalator accident, passengers approaching the button should maintain a clear sense of safety and press the button immediately. The escalator will automatically stop, which can effectively reduce the harm caused by the accident. 

During the process of riding an escalator, if you accidentally fall to the ground, you should learn to use "self-protection actions" to prevent the situation from worsening. When slipping or falling from a height, it is very dangerous to have a strong impact on the neck. Therefore, it is recommended to cross the fingers of both hands, protect the back of the head and neck, keep the elbows forward, and protect both temples. When falling to the ground, try to bend your knees forward as much as possible, protect the important organs in the chest and abdominal cavity, and lie on your side. If someone suddenly falls in front of the escalator, you should stop immediately and shout for help, telling other passengers not to approach forward. 

When an accident occurs, one should think calmly and make a judgment to avoid blindly running and causing stampede incidents. 

8. What to do when trapped in an elevator 

Firstly, maintain emotional composure. The elevator shaft is equipped with anti fall safety devices that firmly clamp the steel rails on both sides of the elevator. Therefore, passengers should comfort each other, inform each other that there will be no danger, and the elevator will not fall off the shaft. Then immediately seek help through means such as alarms, mobile phones, intercoms, etc. If there is no alarm or walkie talkie, when the phone malfunctions, you can knock on the door and shout loudly. During the process of seeking help, you can use objects such as leather bags and shoes to knock to attract the attention of people outside the elevator. 

If the elevator technician cannot be found immediately, please ask someone outside to call firefighters for rescue. Firefighters usually twist the elevator to the nearest floor and then open the door. Even if there is a power outage, firefighters can still use manual devices to twist the elevator up and down. 

Remember not to try to forcefully push open the elevator inner door, as there is also an outer door that may not be accessible even if the inner door is opened. Additionally, the oil stains on the outer wall of the elevator may cause people to slip and fall, which is very dangerous. 

9. Protective measures taken in case of elevator falling 

（1） Quickly press the buttons on each floor so that the elevator can immediately stop falling when the emergency power is turned on. 

（2） If there is a handle in the elevator, first hold the handle tightly with one hand, and then press your entire back and head against the interior wall of the elevator to secure your position and prevent injury from falling. 

（3） If there are no handles in the elevator, support the elevator wall with both hands, and then press your entire back and head against the elevator wall to secure your body and protect your spine with the elevator wall. 

（4） To make the knee in a bent position, bend the knee to withstand heavy impact pressure. 

（5） After the elevator stabilizes, immediately use the alarm bell and intercom inside the elevator to contact the elevator maintenance unit and management personnel, or directly call 119 for help. 

10. When trapped in an elevator, remain calm and wait for professional rescue personnel 

（1） When passengers are trapped in the elevator car, they must remain calm and strictly prohibit forcibly opening the car door or climbing out of the car roof safety window to escape (the safety window is only used by professionals for emergency rescue or maintenance), in order to prevent accidents such as personnel cutting or falling into the elevator shaft after the elevator suddenly starts. 

（2） Immediately use the alarm bell, emergency alarm device or telephone on the car control panel to contact the elevator management personnel in a timely manner. At present, most elevators have covered mobile phone signals inside the car, and elevators that have passed inspection are equipped with emergency alarm devices. If there is a power outage or there is no signal from your phone in the elevator, stay calm because the elevator is equipped with safety fall prevention devices to prevent it from falling. 

（3） The elevator is a non sealed structure, and even if there is a power outage, the fan port is still present, so people trapped inside the elevator do not have to worry about insufficient oxygen. You can roll up the carpet laid on the floor of the elevator car and expose the bottom ventilation opening to achieve the best ventilation effect. Then shout loudly outside. If there is no response, do not panic and avoid shouting and moving around in the elevator due to nervousness. At this time, you need to conserve energy by intermittently tapping the elevator door or using a hard shoe sole to hit the elevator door. It is best to wait for rescue personnel to arrive before tapping again. 

11. Remember the "Three Observations" and "Four Don'ts" mnemonics when taking the elevator 

（1） Before entering the elevator, pay attention to whether the elevator car is in the corresponding floor position and do not enter rashly. Enter the elevator and observe if there is a "Safety Inspection Qualified" sign and if it is within its validity period. When the elevator is running normally, both the floor doors and the car doors should be in a closed state. If the elevator doors are found to be running without being closed, it indicates that there is a malfunction in the elevator. At this time, do not ride to prevent accidents. 

（2） Do not press multiple buttons at the same time while taking the elevator, otherwise it may cause system failure and cause the elevator to stop running; Do not smoke, discard cigarette butts or use open flames in the elevator, as unextinguished sparks can easily ignite the circuit and cause a fire; Do not play or frolic in the elevator, as severe shaking of the elevator may cause a sudden fall; Do not linger at the entrance and exit of the escalator, or touch the escalator barrier with shoes or clothing.